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  2. Chiari I malformation (CMI) is diagnosed by rigid radiographic criteria along with appropriate clinical symptomatology. The aim of this study was to investigate the dimensions of the posterior cranial fossa in...

    Authors: Raymond F Sekula Jr, Peter J Jannetta, Kenneth F Casey, Edward M Marchan, L Kathleen Sekula and Christine S McCrady
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2005 2:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) play a major role in the blood–brain barrier (BBB), and are critical for establishing an in vitro BBB model. Currently, iPSC-derived BMECs (iBMECs) have been used ...

    Authors: Hongyan Zhang, Tomoko Yamaguchi and Kenji Kawabata
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2023 20:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. In Africa, tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is an important opportunistic infection in HIV-positive patients. Current diagnostic tools for TBM perform sub-optimally. In particular, the rapid diagnosis of TBM is ch...

    Authors: Vinod B Patel, Ahmed I Bhigjee, Hoosain F Paruk, Ravesh Singh, Richard Meldau, Cathy Connolly, Thumbi Ndung'u and Keertan Dheda
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2009 6:13
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  6. Neurofilament light chain protein (NFL), a marker of neuronal axonal degeneration, is increased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). Assays for analysi...

    Authors: A. Jeppsson, Å. Sandelius, A. Zettergren, S. Kern, I. Skoog, K. Blennow, H. Zetterberg, C. Wikkelsø, P. Hellström and M. Tullberg
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2023 20:54
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) plays an important role in long-term monitoring and neuro-intensive treatment of patients with a cerebral shunt. Currently, only two complete telemetric implants with...

    Authors: S. Rot, M. Dweek, P. Gutowski, L. Goelz, U. Meier and J. Lemcke
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2020 17:63
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the commonest form of neurotuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli (MTB). The diagnosis of TBM is often difficult. A reliable, cost-effective and rapid diagnostic...

    Authors: Rajpal S Kashyap, Rani P Kainthla, Anju V Mudaliar, Hemant J Purohit, Girdhar M Taori and Hatim F Daginawala
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2006 3:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. The frequencies of morbidity and impairment associated with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) are comparatively high. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was compromised due to subsequent brain injur...

    Authors: Ling Gao, Li Peng, Prativa Sherchan, Hong Tang, Yu Liu, Jie Xiao, Hui Shi, Yujie Luo, Jiping Tang, John H. Zhang and Ying Xia
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2023 20:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. An intrathecal polyspecific antibody response is a well known finding in multiple sclerosis. However, little is known about the evolution of intrathecal antibodies over time and their impact on the disease pro...

    Authors: Hela-Felicitas Petereit and Dirk Reske
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2005 2:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Levels of the biomarkers amyloid-β 1–42 (Aβ42), tau and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) are decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). The mechanism...

    Authors: Simon Lidén, Dan Farahmand and Katarina Laurell
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2022 19:59
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a treatable cause of dementia, gait disturbance, and urinary incontinence in elderly patients with ventriculomegaly. Its unique morphological feature, called ...

    Authors: Namiko Nishida, Nanae Nagata, Hiroki Toda, Naoto Jingami, Kengo Uemura, Akihiko Ozaki, Mitsuhito Mase, Yoshihiro Urade, Sadayuki Matsumoto, Koichi Iwasaki and Masatsune Ishikawa
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Adjustable shunts are very popular in the management of hydrocephalus and are believed to help in minimizing the number of surgical revisions. The drawback with almost all constructions is that they may be acc...

    Authors: David M Allin, Zofia H Czosnyka, Marek Czosnyka, Hugh K Richards and John D Pickard
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2006 3:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Intracranial arachnoid cysts (AC) are membranous sacs filled with CSF-like fluid that are commonly found in the temporal fossa. The majority of ACs are congenital. Typical symptoms are headache, dizziness, and...

    Authors: Mads Aarhus, Christian A Helland, Morten Lund-Johansen, Knut Wester and Per M Knappskog
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2010 7:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) is one of the most common opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. In Cuba, despite the highly active antiretroviral therapy, TE is still the most important cause o...

    Authors: Yenisey Alfonso, Jorge Fraga, Carlos Fonseca, Narciso Jiménez, Taimy Pinillos, Alberto J Dorta-Contreras, Raymundo Cox, Virginia Capó, Olga Pomier, Francisco Bandera and Dora Ginorio
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2009 6:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Arachnoid cyst (AC) fluid has not previously been compared with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the same patient. ACs are commonly referred to as containing "CSF-like fluid". The objective of this study was to ...

    Authors: Magnus Berle, Knut G Wester, Rune J Ulvik, Ann C Kroksveen, Øystein A Haaland, Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam, Frode S Berven and Christian A Helland
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2010 7:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a functional and structural barrier separating the intravascular and neuropil compartments of the brain. It characterizes the vascular bed and is essential for normal brain fun...

    Authors: Yoash Chassidim, Ronel Veksler, Svetlana Lublinsky, Gaby S Pell, Alon Friedman and Ilan Shelef
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2013 10:9
    Content type: Review Published on:

  20. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and late-onset idiopathic aqueductal stenosis (LIAS) are two forms of chronic adult hydrocephalus of different aetiology. We analysed overnight intracranial pres...

    Authors: Lauren M. Green, Thomas Wallis, Martin U. Schuhmann and Matthias Jaeger
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2021 18:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Neuropeptides may have considerable potential in the treatment of acute and chronic neurological diseases. Encapsulated genetically engineered cells have been suggested as a means for sustained local delivery ...

    Authors: Silke Glage, Petra M Klinge, Miles C Miller, Christine Wallrapp, Peter Geigle, Hans J Hedrich and Thomas Brinker
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2011 8:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. The human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3, has been used extensively to model the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in vitro. Recently, we reported that cytokine-treatment induced loss of brain end...

    Authors: Miguel Alejandro Lopez-Ramirez, David Kingsley Male, Chunfang Wang, Basil Sharrack, Dongsheng Wu and Ignacio Andres Romero
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2013 10:27
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  24. Elevated uric acid (UA) is commonly associated with gout and it is also a known cardiovascular disease risk factor. In contrast to such deleterious effects, UA possesses neuroprotective properties in the brain...

    Authors: Naoko H Tomioka, Makiko Nakamura, Masaru Doshi, Yoshiharu Deguchi, Kimiyoshi Ichida, Takayuki Morisaki and Makoto Hosoyamada
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2013 10:31
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Astronauts undergoing long-duration spaceflight are exposed to numerous health risks, including Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS), a spectrum of ophthalmic changes that can result in permanen...

    Authors: Arslan M. Zahid, Bryn Martin, Stephanie Collins, John N. Oshinski and C. Ross Ethier
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2021 18:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. The objective was to assess the utility of total tau protein (tTau), the ratio of (tTau)/181 phosphorylated tau protein (P-Tau) and 14-3-3 protein, as diagnostic markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for Creutz...

    Authors: Anders Skinningsrud, Vidar Stenset, Astrid S Gundersen and Tormod Fladby
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2008 5:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum quotient graphs have been used previously to determine local synthesis in brain of immunoglobulins and C3 complement component. The aim of this study was to use the same technique ...

    Authors: Barbara Padilla-Docal, Alberto J Dorta-Contreras, Raisa Bu-Coifiu-Fanego and Alexis Rodriguez Rey
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2009 6:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Fetal spina bifida aperta (SBA) is characterized by a spinal meningomyelocele (MMC) and associated with cerebral pathology, such as hydrocephalus and Chiari II malformation. In various animal models, it has be...

    Authors: Olga A de Wit, Wilfred FA den Dunnen, Krystyne M Sollie, Rosa Iris Muñoz, Linda C Meiners, Oebele F Brouwer, Esteban M Rodríguez and Deborah A Sival
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2008 5:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Organic anion transporting polypeptide (Oatp) transporters at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), which consists of retinal capillary endothelial cells and retinal pigment epithe...

    Authors: Shin-ichi Akanuma, Shiro Hirose, Masanori Tachikawa and Ken-ichi Hosoya
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2013 10:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. The aim of this study was to characterize the hCMEC/D3 cell line, an in vitro model of the human Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) for the expression of brain endothelial specific claudins-3 and -12.

    Authors: Anja Schrade, Hadassah Sade, Pierre-Olivier Couraud, Ignacio A Romero, Babette B Weksler and Jens Niewoehner
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2012 9:6
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  31. The new Certas™ shunt for the treatment of hydrocephalus has seven standard pressure settings that according to the manufacturer range from 36 to 238 mmH2O, and an additional “Virtual Off” setting with an opening...

    Authors: Anders Eklund, Lars-Owe D Koskinen, Michael A Williams, Mark G Luciano, Stephen M Dombrowski and Jan Malm
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2012 9:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Eagerly awaiting the results of the Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS) and with an increasing interest in setting up intrauterine myelomeningocele repair (IUMR), the optimal management of patients suf...

    Authors: Steffi Mayer, Margit Weisser, Holger Till, Gerd Gräfe and Christian Geyer
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2010 7:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Mouse models are commonly used to study central nervous system disorders, in which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage may be disturbed. However, mouse CSF drainage into lymphatics has not been thoroughly chara...

    Authors: Emily Mathieu, Neeru Gupta, R Loch Macdonald, Jinglu Ai and Yeni H Yücel
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2013 10:35
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  34. It has been reported that pumping a shunt in situ may precipitate a proximal occlusion, and/or lead to ventricular over-drainage, particularly in the context of small ventricles. In the laboratory we measured the...

    Authors: Adam Bromby, Zofia Czosnyka, David Allin, Hugh K Richards, John D Pickard and Marek Czosnyka
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2007 4:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Testing for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-restricted oligoclonal bands (OCB) by isoelectric focusing is used to detect intrathecally produced total IgG. By contrast, antibody indices (AI) are assessed to test for ...

    Authors: Sven Jarius, Peter Eichhorn, Brigitte Wildemann and Manfred Wick
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2012 9:14
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  36. Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis caused by the helminth Angiostrongylus cantonensis, is an emerging infectious disease in America. The objective of this paper was to determine if the intrathecal synthesis of immu...

    Authors: Barbara Padilla-Docal, Alberto J Dorta-Contreras, Raisa Bu-Coifiu-Fanego, Hermes Fundora Hernández, Jesús Callol Barroso and Consuelo Sanchez-Martinez
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2008 5:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. The Polaris valve is a newly released hydrocephalus shunt that is designed to drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the brain ventricles or lumbar CSF space. The aim of this study was to bench test the properti...

    Authors: David M Allin, Marek Czosnyka, Hugh K Richards, John D Pickard and Zofia H Czosnyka
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2008 5:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is one of few types of dementia that can be treated with shunt surgery and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. It is frequently present with cerebral vasculopat...

    Authors: Per Kristian Eide and Are Hugo Pripp
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:19
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  40. The arachnoid granulations (AGs) are herniations of the arachnoid membrane into the dural venous sinuses on the surface of the brain. Previous morphological studies of AGs have been limited in scope and only o...

    Authors: Deborah M Grzybowski, Edward E Herderick, Kapil G Kapoor, David W Holman and Steven E Katz
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2007 4:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Iron is crucial for proper functioning of all organs including the brain. Deficiencies and excess of iron are common and contribute to substantial morbidity and mortality. Whereas iron’s involvement in erythro...

    Authors: James R. Connor, Kari Duck, Stephanie Patton, Ian A. Simpson, Lynn Marie Trotti, Richard Allen, Christopher J. Earley and David Rye
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2020 17:28
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  42. The central nervous system develops around a fluid filled compartment. Recently, attention has turned to the potential role of the fluid (cerebrospinal fluid, CSF) in the developmental process. In particular, ...

    Authors: Jaleel A Miyan, Mahjiub Zendah, Farhad Mashayekhi and P Jane Owen-Lynch
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2006 3:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. The role of human choroid plexus (CP) epithelium in the transport of solutes between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid and/or in secretion processes may be studied by employing several experimental approac...

    Authors: Zoran B Redzic
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2013 10:10
    Content type: Review Published on:

  44. Selective learning is the ability to select items of relevance from among less important items. Limited evidence exists regarding the efficiency with which children with spina bifida-myelomeningocele and shunt...

    Authors: Behroze Vachha and Richard C Adams
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2005 2:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. We have recently shown that mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) have increased sleep fragmentation (SF) and reduced sleep efficiency, and that the extent of SF correlates with the severit...

    Authors: Junyun He, Hung Hsuchou, Yi He, Abba J Kastin, Pramod K Mishra, Jidong Fang and Weihong Pan
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. Cerebrospinal fluid absorption (CSF) at the cribriform plate is mediated by direct extracranial connections to the lymphatic system. Given the accessibility of these pharmacologically responsive vessels we hyp...

    Authors: Harold Kim, Sara A Moore and Miles G Johnston
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:4
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  47. Disruption of brain barriers is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (NSAE), but few studies have focused on their relationship. We aime...

    Authors: Qi-Lun Lai, Meng-Ting Cai, Yang Zheng, Gao-Li Fang, Bing-Qing Du, Chun-Hong Shen, Jia-Jia Wang, Qin-Jie Weng and Yin-Xi Zhang
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2022 19:93
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. The chemokine CCL2 is a critical mediator of neuroinflammation in diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CCL2 drives mononuclear cell in...

    Authors: Bandana Shrestha, Shujun Ge and Joel S Pachter
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:6
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  49. Popular circulation theory of hydrocephalus assumes that the brain is impermeable to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and is therefore incapable of absorbing the CSF accumulating within the ventricles. However, the ...

    Authors: Satish Krishnamurthy, Jie Li, Lonni Schultz and James P McAllister II
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2009 6:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sodium levels have been reported to rise during episodic migraine. Since migraine frequently starts in early morning or late afternoon, we hypothesized that natural sodium chronobiolo...

    Authors: Michael G Harrington, Ronald M Salomon, Janice M Pogoda, Elena Oborina, Neil Okey, Benjamin Johnson, Dennis Schmidt, Alfred N Fonteh and Nathan F Dalleska
    Citation: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research 2010 7:3
    Content type: Research Published on:
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  • ISSN: 2045-8118 (electronic)

Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

ISSN: 2045-8118