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  3. Authors: Joel Huovinen, Sami Kastinen, Simo Komulainen, Minna Oinas, Cecilia Avellan, Janek Franzen, Jaakko Rinne, Antti Ronkainen, Mikko Kauppinen, Kimmo Lönroth, Markus Perola, Okko T Pyykkö, Anne M Koivisto, Anne M Remes, Mikko Hiltunen, Seppo Helisalmi…
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12(Suppl 1):O43
    Content type: Oral presentation Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  4. Authors: Edward W Dyson, Aswin Chari, Andrew R Stevens, Simon D Thompson, Claudia Craven, Patricia Haylock-Vize, Samir A Matloob, Syed N Shah, Huan Wee Chan, Neekhil A Patel, Tarek Mostafa, Jinendra Ekanayake, Ahmed K Toma, Lewis W Thorne and Laurence D Watkins
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12(Suppl 1):O29
    Content type: Oral presentation Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  7. Authors: Ignacio Jusue-Torres, Jennifer Lu, Eric W Sankey, Tito Vivas-Buitrago, Joshua Crawford, Mikhail Pletnikov, Jiadi Xu, Ari Blitz, Barbara Crain, Alicia Hulbert, Hugo Guerrero-Cazares, Oscar Gonzalez-Perez, Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, Pat McAllister and Daniele Rigamonti
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12(Suppl 1):O13
    Content type: Oral presentation Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 1

  8. We recently reported that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation decreases the expression of the primary thyroid hormone transporters at the blood–brain barrier, organic anion-transporting pol...

    Authors: Gábor Wittmann, Petra Mohácsik, Mumtaz Yaseen Balkhi, Balázs Gereben and Ronald M. Lechan
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. The aim of this review is to outline evidence that adenosine receptor (AR) activation can modulate blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and the implications for disease states and drug delivery. Barriers of ...

    Authors: Margaret S. Bynoe, Christophe Viret, Angela Yan and Do-Geun Kim
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:20
    Content type: Review Published on:

  10. Primary brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) are a promising tool to study the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in vitro, as they maintain many important characteristics of the BBB in vivo, especially when co-cu...

    Authors: Annette Burkhart, Louiza Bohn Thomsen, Maj Schneider Thomsen, Jacek Lichota, Csilla Fazakas, István Krizbai and Torben Moos
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Diabetes and tobacco smoking are significant public health concerns which have been shown to independently impact the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Since smoking is a risk factor for diabetes and shares some of t...

    Authors: Shikha Prasad, Ravi K Sajja, Jee Hyun Park, Pooja Naik, Mohammad Abul Kaisar and Luca Cucullo
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. The apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100) transgenic mouse line is a model of human atherosclerosis. Latest findings suggest the importance of ApoB-100 in the development of neurodegenerative diseases and microvascu...

    Authors: Nikolett Lénárt, Fruzsina R Walter, Alexandra Bocsik, Petra Sántha, Melinda E Tóth, András Harazin, Andrea E Tóth, Csaba Vizler, Zsolt Török, Ana-Maria Pilbat, László Vígh, László G Puskás, Miklós Sántha and Mária A Deli
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. In a recent review article titled “A new look at cerebrospinal fluid circulation”, Brinker et al. comprehensively described novel insights from molecular and cellular biology as well as neuroimaging research, ...

    Authors: Peter Wostyn, Debby Van Dam, Kurt Audenaert, Hanspeter Esriel Killer, Peter Paul De Deyn and Veva De Groot
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:16
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  14. Virchow–Robin spaces (VRS) are brain perivascular spaces containing perforating arteries. Although enlarged VRS are associated with various disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, cerebrovascular disease, and h...

    Authors: Masatsune Ishikawa, Shigeki Yamada and Kazuo Yamamoto
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Time-spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time-SLIP) magnetic resonance imaging allows non-invasive visualization of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) movement. Our study evaluated the sensitivity of the Time-SLIP tag pl...

    Authors: Erik H Middlebrooks, Jeffrey A Bennett and Alissa Old Crow
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:14
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  16. Brain microvascular-like endothelial cells (BMECs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have significant promise as tools for drug screening and studying the structure and function of the BBB in h...

    Authors: Hannah K Wilson, Scott G Canfield, Michael K Hjortness, Sean P Palecek and Eric V Shusta
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. The chemokine CXCL13 has been discussed as a diagnostic parameter with high specificity for Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) and as a marker of disease activity. Neurosyphilis and LNB share similar characteristics....

    Authors: R Dersch, T Hottenrott, M Senel, V Lehmensiek, H Tumani, S Rauer and O Stich
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:12
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  18. L-Glutamate (L-Glu) is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS, and its level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is reported to be increased in neuroexcitatory diseases such as epilepsy. Since L-Glu concent...

    Authors: Shin-ichi Akanuma, Tatsuhiko Sakurai, Masanori Tachikawa, Yoshiyuki Kubo and Ken-ichi Hosoya
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. With growing electronic cigarette usage in both the smoking and nonsmoking population, rigorous studies are needed to investigate the effects of nicotine on biological systems to determine long-term health con...

    Authors: Kaushik K Shah, Purushotham Reddy Boreddy and Thomas J Abbruscato
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. The objective was to identify changes in quantitative MRI measures in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) occurring in common after oral acetazolamide (ACZ) and external lumbar draina...

    Authors: Milos Ivkovic, Martin Reiss-Zimmermann, Heather Katzen, Matthias Preuss, Ilhami Kovanlikaya, Linda Heier, Noam Alperin, Karl T Hoffmann and Norman Relkin
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulatory system is involved in neuroimmune regulation, cerebral detoxification, and delivery of various endogenous and exogenous substances. In conjunction with the choroid ple...

    Authors: Jean-François Ghersi-Egea, Anaïd Babikian, Sandrine Blondel and Nathalie Strazielle
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Because in vitro blood–brain barrier (BBB) models are important tools for studying brain diseases and drug development, we recently established a new line of conditionally immortalized human brain microvascular e...

    Authors: Tomomi Furihata, Shinya Kawamatsu, Ryo Ito, Kosuke Saito, Shota Suzuki, Satoshi Kishida, Yoshiro Saito, Atsuko Kamiichi and Kan Chiba
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Activation of microglia/macrophages following cerebral ischemia may be beneficial or detrimental for the survival of brain cells, an ambiguity in effects that has been explained by findings that ischemia can i...

    Authors: Rawan Barakat and Zoran Redzic
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote vascular normalization and inhibit angiogenesis has been proposed for the treatment of brain metastases; however, vascular normalization has not...

    Authors: Gregory L Pishko, Leslie L Muldoon, Michael A Pagel, Daniel L Schwartz and Edward A Neuwelt
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Undisturbed functioning of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) crucially depends on paracellular signaling between its associated cells; particularly endothelial cells, pericytes and astrocytes. Hypoxic and ischemic...

    Authors: Sabrina Engelhardt, Sheng-Fu Huang, Shalmali Patkar, Max Gassmann and Omolara O Ogunshola
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Beta-endorphin (β-END) is an opioid neuropeptide which has an important role in the development of hypotheses concerning the non-synaptic or paracrine communication of brain messages. This kind of communicatio...

    Authors: Jan G Veening and Henk P Barendregt
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:3
    Content type: Review Published on:

  27. Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is most common in the elderly and has a high co-morbidity with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD). To understand the relationship between NPH, AD and...

    Authors: Gerald D Silverberg, Miles C Miller, Crissey L Pascale, Ilias N Caralopoulos, Yuksel Agca, Cansu Agca and Edward G Stopa
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. In June 2014 Dr. Joseph D. Fenstermacher celebrated his 80th birthday, which was honored by the symposium held in New London, NH, USA. This review discusses Fenstermacher’s contribution to the field of fluids ...

    Authors: Adam Chodobski, Jean-François Ghersi-Egea, Charles Nicholson, Tavarekere N Nagaraja and Joanna Szmydynger-Chodobska
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:1
    Content type: Review Published on:

  29. We have recently shown that mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) have increased sleep fragmentation (SF) and reduced sleep efficiency, and that the extent of SF correlates with the severit...

    Authors: Junyun He, Hung Hsuchou, Yi He, Abba J Kastin, Pramod K Mishra, Jidong Fang and Weihong Pan
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Cefadroxil, a cephalosporin antibiotic, is a substrate for several membrane transporters including peptide transporter 2 (PEPT2), organic anion transporters (OATs), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MR...

    Authors: Xiaomei Chen, Irena Loryan, Maryam Payan, Richard F Keep, David E Smith and Margareta Hammarlund-Udenaes
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Incidental white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are common findings on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images of the aged brain and have been associated with cognitive decline. While a variety of pathogenic mechan...

    Authors: Valerie C Anderson, James T Obayashi, Jeffrey A Kaye, Joseph F Quinn, Phillip Berryhill, Louis P Riccelli, Dean Peterson and William D Rooney
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. A tool for standardized and repeated neuropsychological assessments in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) is needed. The objective of this study was to develop a computerized neurops...

    Authors: Anders Behrens, Anders Eklund, Eva Elgh, Cynthia Smith, Michael A Williams and Jan Malm
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Limiting expansion of the ischemic core lesion by reinstating blood flow and protecting the penumbral cells is a priority in acute stroke treatment. However, at present, methods are not available for effective...

    Authors: Tavarekere N Nagaraja, Kelly A Keenan, Madhava P Aryal, James R Ewing, Saarang Gopinath, Varun S Nadig, Sukruth Shashikumar and Robert A Knight
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is one of few types of dementia that can be treated with shunt surgery and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. It is frequently present with cerebral vasculopat...

    Authors: Per Kristian Eide and Are Hugo Pripp
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:19
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  38. This article reviews current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the initial hemorrhage and secondary blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in primary spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in adults. M...

    Authors: Richard F Keep, Ningna Zhou, Jianming Xiang, Anuska V Andjelkovic, Ya Hua and Guohua Xi
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:18
    Content type: Review Published on:

  40. Brinker et al. extensively reviewed recent findings about CSF circulation in a recent article: “A new look at cerebrospinal circulation”, but did not analyze some important available data in sufficient detail. Fo...

    Authors: Darko Orešković and Marijan Klarica
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:16
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  41. Glutaric acid (GA) is a dicarboxylic acid that accumulates in millimolar concentrations in glutaric acidemia I (GA-I), an inherited neurometabolic childhood disease characterized by extensive neurodegeneration...

    Authors: Eugenia Isasi, Luis Barbeito and Silvia Olivera-Bravo
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Highly abundant proteins in biological fluids such as serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can hinder the detection of proteins in lower abundance, e.g., potential biomarkers. Commercial products are available for ...

    Authors: Ramona Günther, Eberhard Krause, Michael Schümann, Jérome Ausseil, Jean-Michel Heard, Ingolf E Blasig and Reiner F Haseloff
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:14
    Content type: Short paper Published on:

  43. This editorial announces a new affiliation between Fluids and Barriers of the CNS (FBCNS) and the International Brain Barriers Society (IBBS) with mutual benefits to the journal and to society members. This is a ...

    Authors: Lester R Drewes, Hazel C Jones and Richard F Keep
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:13
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  44. Many aspects of CSF dynamics are poorly understood due to the difficulties involved in quantification and visualization. In particular, there is debate surrounding the route of CSF drainage. Our aim was to qua...

    Authors: Lucy A Murtha, Qing Yang, Mark W Parsons, Christopher R Levi, Daniel J Beard, Neil J Spratt and Damian D McLeod
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. The lack of absorption of CSF at the vertex in chronic hydrocephalus has been ascribed to an elevation in the arachnoid granulation outflow resistance (Rout). The CSF infusion studies measuring Rout are dependent...

    Authors: Grant A Bateman and Sabbir H Siddique
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. According to the traditional understanding of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) physiology, the majority of CSF is produced by the choroid plexus, circulates through the ventricles, the cisterns, and the subarachnoid ...

    Authors: Thomas Brinker, Edward Stopa, John Morrison and Petra Klinge
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:10
    Content type: Review Published on:

  47. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a treatable cause of dementia, gait disturbance, and urinary incontinence in elderly patients with ventriculomegaly. Its unique morphological feature, called ...

    Authors: Namiko Nishida, Nanae Nagata, Hiroki Toda, Naoto Jingami, Kengo Uemura, Akihiko Ozaki, Mitsuhito Mase, Yoshihiro Urade, Sadayuki Matsumoto, Koichi Iwasaki and Masatsune Ishikawa
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Cerebrovascular complications involving endothelial dysfunction at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are central to the pathogenesis of diabetes-related CNS disorders. However, clinical and experimental studies ha...

    Authors: Ravi K Sajja, Shikha Prasad and Luca Cucullo
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. The chemokine CCL2 is a critical mediator of neuroinflammation in diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CCL2 drives mononuclear cell in...

    Authors: Bandana Shrestha, Shujun Ge and Joel S Pachter
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2014 11:6
    Content type: Short paper Published on:
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  • ISSN: 2045-8118 (electronic)

Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

ISSN: 2045-8118