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  2. Periarterial spaces (PASs) are annular channels that surround arteries in the brain and contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): a flow of CSF in these channels is thought to be an important part of the brain’s syst...

    Authors: Jeffrey Tithof, Douglas H. Kelley, Humberto Mestre, Maiken Nedergaard and John H. Thomas
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. A growing body of evidence suggests that the accumulation of amyloid-β and tau (HPτ) in the brain of patients with the dementia subtype idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is associated with delaye...

    Authors: Md Mahdi Hasan-Olive, Rune Enger, Hans-Arne Hansson, Erlend A. Nagelhus and Per Kristian Eide
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:39
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Authors: Andrzej Małecki, Janina Skipor-Lahuta, Michal Toborek, N. Joan Abbott, David A. Antonetti, Enming Joe Su, Daniel A. Lawrence, Müge Atış, Uğur Akcan, Canan Uğur Yılmaz, Nurcan Orhan, Poyraz Düzgün, Umut Deniz Ceylan, Nadir Arıcan, Serçin Karahüseyinoğlu, Gizem Nur Şahin…
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14(Suppl 2):27
    Content type: Meeting abstracts Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 2

  5. Choroid plexus (CP) is an important tissue not only to produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but also to regulate substances that are secreted into or absorbed from CSF through blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (B...

    Authors: Fumiko Obata and Keishi Narita
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2020 17:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene. 40% of X-ALD patients will convert to the deadly childhood cerebral form (ccALD) characterized by increased permeability of the brai...

    Authors: Catherine A. A. Lee, Hannah S. Seo, Anibal G. Armien, Frank S. Bates, Jakub Tolar and Samira M. Azarin
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Activation of microglia/macrophages following cerebral ischemia may be beneficial or detrimental for the survival of brain cells, an ambiguity in effects that has been explained by findings that ischemia can i...

    Authors: Rawan Barakat and Zoran Redzic
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Nanotubular structures, denoted tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) have been described in recent times as involved in cell-to-cell communication between distant cells. Nevertheless, TNT-like, long filopodial processes...

    Authors: Mariella Errede, Domenica Mangieri, Giovanna Longo, Francesco Girolamo, Ignazio de Trizio, Antonella Vimercati, Gabriella Serio, Karl Frei, Roberto Perris and Daniela Virgintino
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:28
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Altered flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the subarachnoid space (SAS) is connected to brain, but also optic nerve degenerative diseases. To overcome the lack of suitable in vitro models that faithfully...

    Authors: Albert Neutzner, Laura Power, Markus Dürrenberger, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Meyer, Hanspeter E. Killer, David Wendt and Corina Kohler
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Despite decades of research, no compelling non-surgical therapies have been developed for foetal hydrocephalus. So far, most efforts have pointed to repairing disturbances in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow...

    Authors: M. Guerra, J. L. Blázquez and E. M. Rodríguez
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:19
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. In Alzheimer’s disease, there are striking changes in CSF composition that relate to altered choroid plexus (CP) function. Studying CP tissue gene expression at the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier could prov...

    Authors: Edward G. Stopa, Keith Q. Tanis, Miles C. Miller, Elena V. Nikonova, Alexei A. Podtelezhnikov, Eva M. Finney, David J. Stone, Luiz M. Camargo, Lisan Parker, Ajay Verma, Andrew Baird, John E. Donahue, Tara Torabi, Brian P. Eliceiri, Gerald D. Silverberg and Conrad E. Johanson
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation disturbances may occur during the course of disease in patients with glioblastoma. Ventriculoperitoneal shunting has generally been recommended to improve symptoms in glio...

    Authors: Bujung Hong, Manolis Polemikos, Hans E. Heissler, Christian Hartmann, Makoto Nakamura and Joachim K. Krauss
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Type II diabetes is a vascular risk factor for cognitive impairment and increased risk of dementia. Disruption of the blood–retinal barrier (BRB) and blood–brain barrier (BBB) are hallmarks of subsequent retin...

    Authors: Therese S. Salameh, William G. Mortell, Aric F. Logsdon, D. Allan Butterfield and William A. Banks
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder characterised by raised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure in the absence of any intracranial pathology. IIH mainly affects women with obes...

    Authors: Zerin Alimajstorovic, Ester Pascual-Baixauli, Cheryl A. Hawkes, Basil Sharrack, A. Jane Loughlin, Ignacio A. Romero and Jane E. Preston
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2020 17:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Strategies to maintain BBB integrity in diseases with a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) component involve preventing glutathione (GSH) loss from endothelial cells. GSH efflux transporters include multidrug resista...

    Authors: Kathryn Ibbotson, Joshua Yell and Patrick T. Ronaldson
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Both aging and changes in blood flow velocity between the extracranial (intraspinal) and intracranial regions of cerebral vessels have an impact on brain hydro-hemodynamics. Arterial and venous cerebral blood ...

    Authors: Armelle Lokossou, Serge Metanbou, Catherine Gondry-Jouet and Olivier Balédent
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2020 17:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. The vertebrate blood–brain barrier (BBB) is composed of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (CEC). The BBB acts as a semi-permeable cellular interface that tightly regulates bidirectional molecular transp...

    Authors: Midrelle E. Noumbissi, Bianca Galasso and Monique F. Stins
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:12
    Content type: Review Published on:

  21. Primary brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) are a promising tool to study the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in vitro, as they maintain many important characteristics of the BBB in vivo, especially when co-cu...

    Authors: Annette Burkhart, Louiza Bohn Thomsen, Maj Schneider Thomsen, Jacek Lichota, Csilla Fazakas, István Krizbai and Torben Moos
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Diabetes and tobacco smoking are significant public health concerns which have been shown to independently impact the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Since smoking is a risk factor for diabetes and shares some of t...

    Authors: Shikha Prasad, Ravi K Sajja, Jee Hyun Park, Pooja Naik, Mohammad Abul Kaisar and Luca Cucullo
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a key role in regulating transport into and out of the brain. With increasing interest in the role of the BBB in health and disease, there have been significant advances in ...

    Authors: Jackson G. DeStefano, John J. Jamieson, Raleigh M. Linville and Peter C. Searson
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:32
    Content type: Review Published on:

  24. Fluid dynamics of the craniospinal system are complex and still not completely understood. In vivo flow and pressure measurements of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are limited. Whereas in silico modeling can be...

    Authors: Anne Benninghaus, Olivier Balédent, Armelle Lokossou, Carlos Castelar, Steffen Leonhardt and Klaus Radermacher
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. This study investigated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrodynamics using cine phase-contrast MRI in the cerebral aqueduct and the prepontine cistern between three distinct groups: pre-shunt normal pressure hydroc...

    Authors: Robert B. Hamilton, Fabien Scalzo, Kevin Baldwin, Amber Dorn, Paul Vespa, Xiao Hu and Marvin Bergsneider
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Communicating hydrocephalus is a disease where the cerebral ventricles are enlarged. It is characterized by the absence of detectable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) outflow obstructions and often with increased CSF...

    Authors: P. Holmlund, S. Qvarlander, J. Malm and A. Eklund
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:40
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the performance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) beta amyloid 42 (Aβ42), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) as potential diagn...

    Authors: Zhongyun Chen, Chunyan Liu, Jie Zhang, Norman Relkin, Yan Xing and Yanfeng Li
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:13
    Content type: Review Published on:

  28. Symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) following tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) administration is the most feared and lethal complication of thrombolytic therapy for ischaemic stroke, creating...

    Authors: Be’eri Niego, Brad R. S. Broughton, Heidi Ho, Christopher G. Sobey and Robert L. Medcalf
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. In June 2014 Dr. Joseph D. Fenstermacher celebrated his 80th birthday, which was honored by the symposium held in New London, NH, USA. This review discusses Fenstermacher’s contribution to the field of fluids ...

    Authors: Adam Chodobski, Jean-François Ghersi-Egea, Charles Nicholson, Tavarekere N Nagaraja and Joanna Szmydynger-Chodobska
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:1
    Content type: Review Published on:

  31. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) hold great promise for use in cell therapy applications and for improved in vitro models of human disease. So far, most hiPSC differentiation protocols to astroglia...

    Authors: Louise Delsing, Therése Kallur, Henrik Zetterberg, Ryan Hicks and Jane Synnergren
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. The lack of translatable in vitro blood-tumor barrier (BTB) models creates challenges in the development of drugs to treat tumors of the CNS and our understanding of how the vascular changes at the BBB in the ...

    Authors: Tori B. Terrell-Hall, Amanda G. Ammer, Jessica I. G. Griffith and Paul R. Lockman
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. para-Tyramine (p-TA) is a biogenic amine which is involved in multiple neuronal signal transductions. Since the concentration of p-TA in dog cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been reported to be ...

    Authors: Shin-ichi Akanuma, Yuhei Yamazaki, Yoshiyuki Kubo and Ken-ichi Hosoya
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains common, despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV dysregulates iron metabolism, but cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of iron and iron-transport proteins in...

    Authors: Stephanie M. Patton, Quan Wang, Todd Hulgan, James R. Connor, Peilin Jia, Zhongming Zhao, Scott L. Letendre, Ronald J. Ellis, William S. Bush, David C. Samuels, Donald R. Franklin, Harpreet Kaur, Jennifer Iudicello, Igor Grant and Asha R. Kallianpur
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Excitotoxicity is a central pathological pathway in many neurological diseases with blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Kainate, an exogenous excitotoxin, induces epilepsy and BBB damage in animal models, b...

    Authors: Lilla Barna, Fruzsina R. Walter, András Harazin, Alexandra Bocsik, András Kincses, Vilmos Tubak, Katalin Jósvay, Ágnes Zvara, Patricia Campos-Bedolla and Mária A. Deli
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2020 17:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum quotient of albumin (QAlb) is the most used biomarker for the evaluation of blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (B-CSF-B) permeability. For years QAlb was considered only as a...

    Authors: Massimiliano Castellazzi, Andrea Morotti, Carmine Tamborino, Francesca Alessi, Silvy Pilotto, Eleonora Baldi, Luisa M. Caniatti, Alessandro Trentini, Ilaria Casetta, Enrico Granieri, Maura Pugliatti, Enrico Fainardi and Tiziana Bellini
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2020 17:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. Transwell-based models of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) incorporating monolayers of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (dhBMECs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells show many of the key featur...

    Authors: Moriah E. Katt, Raleigh M. Linville, Lakyn N. Mayo, Zinnia S. Xu and Peter C. Searson
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Beta-endorphin (β-END) is an opioid neuropeptide which has an important role in the development of hypotheses concerning the non-synaptic or paracrine communication of brain messages. This kind of communicatio...

    Authors: Jan G Veening and Henk P Barendregt
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:3
    Content type: Review Published on:

  39. Hypertension is an important risk factor for cerebrovascular disease, including stroke and dementia. Both in humans and animal models of hypertension, neuropathological features such as brain atrophy and oedem...

    Authors: Daphne M. P. Naessens, Judith de Vos, Ed VanBavel and Erik N. T. P. Bakker
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Cerebral hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) is an important stress factor involved in the disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) following stroke injury, yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms on how the human BBB...

    Authors: Shyanne Page, Alli Munsell and Abraham J. Al-Ahmad
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2016 13:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolomic investigations are a powerful tool for studying neurometabolic diseases. We aimed to assess the effect of CSF contamination with blood on the concentrations of selected bi...

    Authors: Marta Batllori, Mercedes Casado, Cristina Sierra, Maria del Carmen Salgado, Laura Marti-Sanchez, Joan Maynou, Guerau Fernandez, Angels Garcia-Cazorla, Aida Ormazabal, Marta Molero-Luis and Rafael Artuch
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:34
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote vascular normalization and inhibit angiogenesis has been proposed for the treatment of brain metastases; however, vascular normalization has not...

    Authors: Gregory L Pishko, Leslie L Muldoon, Michael A Pagel, Daniel L Schwartz and Edward A Neuwelt
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. With growing electronic cigarette usage in both the smoking and nonsmoking population, rigorous studies are needed to investigate the effects of nicotine on biological systems to determine long-term health con...

    Authors: Kaushik K Shah, Purushotham Reddy Boreddy and Thomas J Abbruscato
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. Receptor-mediated transcytosis is one of the major routes for drug delivery of large molecules into the brain. The aim of this study was to develop a novel model of the human blood–brain barrier (BBB) in a hig...

    Authors: Nienke R. Wevers, Dhanesh G. Kasi, Taylor Gray, Karlijn J. Wilschut, Benjamin Smith, Remko van Vught, Fumitaka Shimizu, Yasuteru Sano, Takashi Kanda, Graham Marsh, Sebastiaan J. Trietsch, Paul Vulto, Henriëtte L. Lanz and Birgit Obermeier
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2018 15:23
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. The aim of this study was to elucidate changes in cerebral white matter after shunt surgery in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

    Authors: Shigenori Kanno, Makoto Saito, Tomohito Kashinoura, Yoshiyuki Nishio, Osamu Iizuka, Hirokazu Kikuchi, Masahito Takagi, Masaki Iwasaki, Shoki Takahashi and Etsuro Mori
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. The Kuopio University Hospital (KUH) idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting protocol is described together with the initial outcomes of 175 patients with probable iN...

    Authors: A. Junkkari, A. J. Luikku, N. Danner, H. K. Jyrkkänen, T. Rauramaa, V. E. Korhonen, A. M. Koivisto, O. Nerg, M. Kojoukhova, T. J. Huttunen, J. E. Jääskeläinen and V. Leinonen
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2019 16:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Postural changes are related to changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. While sitting up leads to a decrease in cranial CSF pressure, it also causes shifts in the craniospinal CSF volume and compliance ...

    Authors: Manuel Gehlen, Vartan Kurtcuoglu and Marianne Schmid Daners
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. Invasive tests measuring resistance to cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) outflow and the effect of temporary drainage of CSF are used to select candidates affected by idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) ...

    Authors: Francesco Tuniz, Maria Caterina Vescovi, Daniele Bagatto, Daniela Drigo, Maria Cristina De Colle, Marta Maieron and Miran Skrap
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2017 14:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Because in vitro blood–brain barrier (BBB) models are important tools for studying brain diseases and drug development, we recently established a new line of conditionally immortalized human brain microvascular e...

    Authors: Tomomi Furihata, Shinya Kawamatsu, Ryo Ito, Kosuke Saito, Shota Suzuki, Satoshi Kishida, Yoshiro Saito, Atsuko Kamiichi and Kan Chiba
    Citation: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS 2015 12:7
    Content type: Research Published on:
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  • ISSN: 2045-8118 (electronic)

Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

ISSN: 2045-8118