Fig. 9
From: Short-term exposure to JUUL electronic cigarettes can worsen ischemic stroke outcome
Flow diagram of the study design. Male C57 mice were exposed to JUUL or TS for 14Â days. At the end of the exposure, plasma nicotine and cotinine level were measured by LCMS/MS, and an open field test was done to investigate the locomotor activity of the mice. Ischemic stroke was induced in mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. 24Â h after reperfusion, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure plasma IL-6 and thrombomodulin. Western blot and immunofluorescence were done to measure the expression of BBB tight junction proteins, and inflammatory and antioxidant markers in the brain