Fig. 4From: Cocaine regulates antiretroviral therapy CNS access through pregnane-x receptor-mediated drug transporter and metabolizing enzyme modulation at the blood brain barrierLPS, But Not Cocaine, Induces Cytokine Production at the BBB Which Does Not Disrupt BBB Integrity. BBB models were treated with cocaine (10 μM, burgundy), LPS (100 ng/mL, fuchsia), or vehicle (teal) for 24 h, after which time (A-K) supernatants were collected for cytokine determination or (L) permeability to 4 kDa FITC-Dextran was performed. (A-K) Multiplexed cytokine analysis was performed by flow cytometry to evaluate (A) IL-1β, (B) IL-6, (C) TNF-α, (D) IP-10, (E) IFN-λ1, (F) IL-8, (G) IL-12p70, (H) IFN-α2, (I) IFN-β, (J) GM-CSF, and (K) IL-10. Dashed line denotes quantitative limit of detection for IL-8. (L) Four kDa FITC-Dextran was added to the apical portion of the BBB for 30 min at 37 °C, 5% CO2, the media in the bottom collected, and evaluated by a fluorescence microplate reader. FITC-Dextran alone (green) was used as a positive control to represent maximal BBB permeability. Six individual experiments were performed (represented by individual dots). Data are represented as mean ± standard deviation. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001. ****p < 0.0001. One-way ANOVA was performedBack to article page