Table 1 Numerical results of the differences between P1 and P0, P2 and P0, and P3 and P0 for all pressures considered in top mean pressure and bottom pulse pressure including one standard deviation. Statistical significance is shown for each pressure with significance determined by p-value < 0.05. Non-significant values are marked with NS. ICP, intracranial pressure; ITP, intrathecal pressure; ABP, arterial blood pressure; CVP, central venous pressure; IAPds, dorsal intra-abdominal pressure; IAPcr, cranial intra-abdominal pressure; IAPcd, caudal intra-abdominal pressure; IAPve, ventral intra-abdominal pressure

P1 – P0

−12.1 ± 3.1

40.8 ± 10.5

9.0 ± 8.0

−5.9 ± 1.9

9.7 ± 8.3

22.3 ± 29.8

11.7 ± 3.9

0.03 ± 19.6

P2 – P0

−14.8 ± 3.3

39.2 ± 4.8

7.0 ± 7.5

−5.1 ± 2.2

6.9 ± 6.4

16.1 ± 6.4

10.4 ± 3.9

−0.1 ± 17.7

P3 – P0

−14.2 ± 3.0

37.7 ± 3.5

6.7 ± 5.9

−5.3 ± 2.1

6.2 ± 5.3

12.5 ± 12.1

9.0 ± 5.2

1.8 ± 17.0

p-value

< 0.001

0.019

NS

NS

0.0116

0.042

0.014

NS

Pulse Pressure

ΔICP_amp(mmHg)

ΔITP_amp(mmHg)

ΔABP_amp(mmHg)

ΔCVP_amp(mmHg)

ΔIAPds_amp(mmHg)

ΔIAPcr_amp(mmHg)

ΔIAPcd_amp(mmHg)

ΔIAPve_amp(mmHg)

P1 – P0

−1.3 ± 0.7

4.7 ± 2.3

15.0 ± 10.2

0.9 ± 1.9

−0.7 ± 1.8

−1.3 ± 4.2

0.3 ± 3.9

−1.4 ± 2.0

P2 – P0

−2.2 ± 1.0

2.1 ± 2.2

10.8 ± 9.2

0.5 ± 1.2

−1.5 ± 1.7

0.0 ± 4.4

4.2 ± 8.3

−2.3 ± 3.1

P3 – P0

−2.0 ± 1.1

1.4 ± 1.4

7.3 ± 5.5

1.2 ± 1.5

−1.7 ± 1.7

−1.4 ± 4.7

−1.0 ± 1.3

−1.6 ± 2.9

p-value

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

NS

< 0.001

0.006

< 0.001

NS