From: Cerebral arterial flow dynamics during systole and diastole phases in young and older healthy adults
Parameters | HYV | HEV | p-value | HYV male | HYV female | p-value | HEV male | HEV female | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 28 | 20 | 14 | 14 | 6 | 14 | |||
Age (yr) | 25 ± 4 | 72 ± 6 | 26 ± 4 | 25 ± 3 | 72 ± 7 | 72 ± 6 | |||
Heart rate (bpm) | 72 ± 12 | 71 ± 11 | 0.78 | 69 ± 13 | 75 ± 11 | 0.38 | 70 ± 11 | 73 ± 11 | 0.63 |
β | 1.08 ± 0.11 | 1 ± 0.16 | 0.08 | 1.06 ± 0.13 | 1.09 ± 0.09 | 0.57 | 1.01 ± 0.22 | 1 ± 0.1 | 0.88 |
Damping factor | 1.11 ± 0.25 | 1.15 ± 0.3 | 0.73 | 1.19 ± 0.28 | 1.03 ± 0.18 | 0.22 | 1.21 ± 0.38 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.59 |
E. mean flow (ml/min) | 715 ± 136 | 607 ± 125 | 0.008** | 669 ± 125 | 761 ± 136 | 0.07 | 621 ± 156 | 601 ± 116 | 0.74 |
I. mean flow (ml/min) | 669 ± 133 | 610 ± 125 | 0.1 | 635 ± 124 | 704 ± 137 | 0.17 | 619 ± 124 | 606 ± 113 | 0.83 |
p = .002** | p = .89 | p = .13 | p = .003** | p = .96 | p = .81 | ||||
E. AP1 (ml/min) | 1125 ± 201 | 1076 ± 194 | 0.4 | 1100 ± 179 | 1149 ± 225 | 0.53 | 1169 ± 240 | 1036 ± 165 | 0.17 |
I. AP1 (ml/min) | 982 ± 184 | 1021 ± 174 | 0.5 | 948 ± 150 | 1016 ± 213 | 0.33 | 1080 ± 202 | 995 ± 162 | 0.34 |
p = < 0.001*** | p = .15 | p = < 0.001*** | p = < 0.001*** | p = .38 | p = .30 | ||||
E. AP2 (ml/min) | 889 ± 176 | 991 ± 205 | 0.07 | 832 ± 191 | 946 ± 145 | 0.09 | 1019 ± 251 | 979 ± 165 | 0.70 |
I. AP2 (ml/min) | 798 ± 202 | 1010 ± 271 | 0.003** | 772 ± 216 | 823 ± 192 | 0.51 | 1026 ± 338 | 1004 ± 252 | 0.87 |
p = .01* | p = .79 | p = .26 | p = .01* | p = .97 | p = .72 | ||||
E. AP1-M0 (ml/min) | 649 ± 144 | 760 ± 178 | 0.02* | 655 ± 118 | 643 ± 171 | 0.82 | 863 ± 230 | 716 ± 138 | 0.09 |
I. AP1-M0 (ml/min) | 521 ± 117 | 686 ± 137 | < 0.001*** | 502 ± 81 | 539 ± 146 | 0.35 | 744 ± 174 | 661 ± 115 | 0.22 |
p = < 0.001*** | p = .007** | p = < 0.001*** | p = .003** | p = .14 | p = .02* | ||||
E. AP2-M0 (ml/min) | 413 ± 92 | 674 ± 163 | < 0.001*** | 387 ± 112 | 439 ± 60 | 0.14 | 713 ± 183 | 657 ± 157 | 0.49 |
I. AP2-M0 (ml/min) | 361 ± 104 | 666 ± 195 | < 0.001*** | 342 ± 108 | 380 ± 100 | 0.35 | 682 ± 262 | 659 ± 170 | 0.82 |
p = .004** | p = .87 | p = .08 | p = .03* | p = .84 | p = .95 | ||||
E. PI | 0.92 ± 0.20 | 1.28 ± 0.33 | < 0.001*** | 1 ± 0.21 | 0.84 ± 0.18 | 0.11 | 1.44 ± 0.41 | 1.22 ± 0.28 | 0.23 |
I. PI | 0.79 ± 0.15 | 1.14 ± 0.18 | < 0.001*** | 0.81 ± 0.17 | 0.76 ± 0.14 | 0.63 | 1.22 ± 0.23 | 1.1 ± 0.16 | 0.19 |
p = < 0.001*** | p = .003** | p = < 0.001*** | p = .05 | p = .04* | p = .02* | ||||
E. upstroke time (ms) | 134 ± 30 | 120 ± 45 | 0.03* | 137 ± 24 | 131 ± 36 | 0.62 | 113 ± 40 | 123 ± 47 | 0.39 |
I. upstroke time (ms) | 144 ± 39 | 118 ± 44 | 0.003** | 147 ± 35 | 141 ± 43 | 0.66 | 124 ± 70 | 115 ± 30 | 0.65 |
p = .24 | p = .78 | p = .37 | p = .42 | p = .44 | p = .59 | ||||
E. acceleration (ml/s2) | 85 ± 29 | 121 ± 52 | 0.013* | 82 ± 20 | 88 ± 36 | 0.60 | 142 ± 63 | 112 ± 47 | 0.24 |
I. acceleration (ml/s2) | 66 ± 27 | 108 ± 38 | < 0.001*** | 60 ± 15 | 72 ± 35 | 0.26 | 120 ± 48 | 102 ± 34 | 0.37 |
p = .002** | p = .14 | p = < 0.001*** | p = .11 | p = .23 | p = .38 |