Fig. 1

PLX5622 successfully ablated microglia in neonatal brains. A Low magnification 10 × images of IBA1 (red) stained in P8 WT and prh brains with and without PLX5622 treatment. Arrowheads: ameboid-shaped microglia, arrows: ramified microglia. Dotted lines indicate borders of cortical layers II-VI, V-VI, and white matter (WM). LV: lateral ventricle. Scale bar = 100 μm. B IBA1⁺ microglial densities in cortical layers II-IV (left), V-VI (middle), and white matter (right) shows that lower microglial densities in the prh mutants, and PLX5622 treatment significantly reduces microglial densities in all three areas. C High magnification (60x) images of smaller (more commonly found in WT) vs. larger (more commonly found in prh) amoeboid-shaped, IBA1⁺ (purple), microglia at P8. Scale bar = 10 μm. D Amoeboid-shaped IBA1⁺ microglia density in white matter. E Ratio of amoeboid-shaped microglia among total IBA1⁺ microglia in white matter. Stats: two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test, n ≥ 10 in each group, ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05