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Fig. 1 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 1

From: The incidence of obesity, venous sinus stenosis and cerebral hyperaemia in children referred for MRI to rule out idiopathic intracranial hypertension at a tertiary referral hospital: a 10 year review

Fig. 1

a A T2 sagittal image of patient 2, a child with chronic daily headaches and papilledema classified as not IIH showing no ventricular dilatation. b The MRV image for this patient with no outflow stenosis. The short lines show the site of the sinus area and circumference measurements. The large line shows the site of the venous flow quantification sequence. c An MR angiogram image of patient 2 with the line showing the site of the arterial acquisition for measuring arterial inflow. d A reconstruction of the 3DT1 data along the optic nerves with the lines showing the site of optic nerve sheath diameter measurement. e A phase image from the venous blood flow quantification acquisition in mid systole. The short arrow shows the straight sinus. The long arrow depicts the sagittal sinus. The apparent septum in the sagittal sinus is due to an early bifurcation of the sinus into the transverse sinuses which is a normal variant. The flow in the sinuses should be all black: the white areas indicate aliasing due to the peak flow rate being above 40 cm/sec so the baseline was changed from ± 40 cm/sec to − 51/ + 29 cm/sec. f A phase image from the arterial blood flow acquisition in mid systole. The short arrows indicate the two carotid arteries and the long arrow the basilar. There is no aliasing. g The flow results for the arterial and superior sagittal sinus flow. The arterial flow totaled 1960 ml/min with the sagittal sinus 770 ml/min or 39% of the inflow which is below normal

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