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Table 6 Top regulated soloculture enriched pathways at 24 h (top), 48 h (middle) and 96 h (bottom) for (A) the comparison of soloculture vs. coculture with human pericytes (CHP); and for (B) the comparison of soloculture vs. coculture with bovine pericytes (CBP)

From: Contribution of brain pericytes in blood–brain barrier formation and maintenance: a transcriptomic study of cocultured human endothelial cells derived from hematopoietic stem cells

A.

B.

24 h

24 h

Pathway

Ratio

p-value

Pathway

Ratio

p-value

 Post-Golgi vesicle mediated transport

1.7

1.10E−06

   Regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation

2.1

6.90E−04

 Regulation of programmed cell death

1.7

6.50E−06

   Salivary gland morphogenesis

3.0

7.60E−04

 Regulation of cell death

1.7

8.70E−06

   Salivary gland development

3.0

1.44E−03

 Regulation of apoptotic process

1.7

1.40E−05

   Lysosomal transport

2.0

1.72E−03

 Golgi vesicle transport

1.8

1.90E−05

   Establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane

3.3

2.66E−03

 Protein folding

1.7

4.10E−05

   Protein localization to plasma membrane

2.0

2.94E−03

 Regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promotor in response to hypoxia

3.8

4.60E−05

   Positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation

2.0

3.27E03

 Negative regulation of cell death

1.9

5.40E−05

   Plasma membrane organization

2.0

4.00E−03

 Negative regulation of programmed cell death

1.9

5.70E−05

   Toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway

1.6

5.24E−03

 De novo protein folding

2.0

6.60E−05

   Exocrine system development

3.0

5.72E−03

48 h

48 h

 RNA export from nucleus

1.5

2.30E05

   RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions

4.3

9.20E08

 mRNA export from nucleus

1.6

7.00E05

   mRNA splicing, via spliceosome

4.1

2.70E07

 Post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport

1.5

3.40E04

   RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with bulged adenosine

4.1

2.70E07

 Protein localization to endosome

7.0

5.80E−04

   Regulation of cellular protein catabolic process

1.8

4.00E07

 Type I interferon production

1.8

7.00E−04

   Regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process

1.9

5.80E07

 Regulation of type I interferon production

1.8

7.00E−04

   Positive regulation of cellular protein catabolic process

2.5

1.70E−06

 Regulation of monocyte differentiation

2.0

7.60E−04

   mRNA metabolic process

2.2

2.50E06

 Golgi localization

2.0

7.60E−04

   Ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process

1.6

2.80E06

 Protein K48-linked ubiquitination

1.6

1.00E03

   Positive regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process

2.7

3.40E−06

 Pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process

1.8

1.46E03

   mRNA processing

2.6

4.20E06

96 h

96 h

 Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

2.0

7.50E−04

   Positive regulation of protein ubiquitination

2.8

1.00E05

 Pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process

1.8

1.01E−03

   Positive regulation of ligase activity

3.9

1.90E05

 Programmed necrotic cell death

4.5

1.88E−03

   Positive regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal

2.6

2.00E05

 Necroptotic process

9.0

2.59E−03

   Nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process

2.2

2.70E−05

 Sprouting angiogenesis

2.0

3.53E03

   Positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity

4.3

4.40E05

 Regulation of necroptotic process

5.0

3.74E−03

   Regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal

2.1

8.00E05

 Fibroblast apoptotic process

2.0

3.74E−03

   Regulation of protein ubiquitination

2.1

8.60E05

 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthetic process

4.0

4.17E03

   Ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process

1.9

1.10E−04

 Positive regulation of protein catabolic process

2.0

5.23E03

   Regulation of ligase activity

4.0

2.30E−04

 Positive regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal

1.8

5.81E03

   Positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

4.0

3.50E−04

  1. Pathways in italic are soloculture enriched pathways identified in both comparisons for that specific time point. The 2nd column represents the ratio of upregulated and downregulated genes in the pathway under study (ratio ≥ 1.5)