Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Table 3 Amino acid concentrations in plasma, CSF and ISF

From: Elimination of substances from the brain parenchyma: efflux via perivascular pathways and via the blood–brain barrier

	Plasma concentration/µM						CSF concentration/µM								ISF concentration/µM
	Human¹	Rat²	Human³	Rabbit⁴	Rat⁵	Mice⁶	Human¹	Human⁷	Rat^{2, c}	Rat^{1, 2}	Human³	Rabbit⁴	Rat⁵	Mice⁶	Rabbit⁴	Rabbit⁸	Rabbit⁹	Rat⁵	Mice⁶
Gln		619	641	868	834	598			863	780	552	583	524	517	250	547	159	193	80
Asn			112	55			Trace				14	16			3	7.8	4.3		1.4
Ala	330		489a	382	430	408	27	18.6			34a	39	85.4	57	15	19	15	7.7	9.3
Ser	149	196	140	263	247	109	28.9	30.4	79	80	30	116	62.3	37	34			24.9	9.8
Gly	249	221	283			246	1.3	6.4	20	15	6			34					7.8
Pro	212					60	Trace	0.6						4.2					1.8
Thr	142		166			113	28.5	27.7			36			22					3.5
Val	222	430	309	191		173	14	16.1	78	47	20	14		9.4	13	12.5	7.4		2.9
Leu	109	432	155	81		127	13.1	11.9	66	42	15	7		6.6	9				1.5
Ile	61		77	101			5.2	4.7			6	7			9
Tyr	70		73	43		54	7.3	8.1			10	7		7.2	5				0.7
His	85		80			59	10.8	12.0			12			8.9					1.2
Lys	158	290	171	137		321	19.7	22.0	120	87	21	8		46	19				10
Arg	80	94	81		227	103	17	18.6	55	46	22		32.5	18				6.9	3.2
Glu	83		61	56	159.6	37	7.2	8.7			26	10	11.4	21	4	4.3	3.4	2.9	4.1
Asp	7				33.8		2.4	1.5					5.8			0.6	0.5	1.7
Phe	71		64	45			8.3	8.2			10	7			6
Met	41		28	30			2.8	2.6			3				3
Trp	62

Concentrations measured in CSF are, with the exception of glutamine always substantially less, than the concentrations in plasma. Concentrations in ISF are measured by microdialysis with extrapolation to zero flow (see text). If these are correct, ISF concentrations are substantially lower than those in CSF. c cisternal, l lumbar
¹Plum et al. [576]
²Franklin et al. [577]
³McGale et al. [578]
⁴Hamberger et al. [579]
⁵Lerma et al. [580]
⁶Dolgodilina et al. [581]
⁷Table 8.15 in Davson and Segal [56]
⁸Jacobson et al. [582] microdialysis by concentration profile
⁹Jacobson et al. [582] microdialysis by recovery of samples

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