Fig. 8From: Modeling immune functions of the mouse blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier in vitro: primary rather than immortalized mouse choroid plexus epithelial cells are suited to study immune cell migration across this brain barrierMigration of encephalitogenic CD4+ Th1 cells across the BCSFB in vitro. a Transmigration rates of encephalitogenic CD4+ Th1 effector/memory T cells across non-stimulated and cytokine-stimulated CPECs during a period of 8 h were assessed in vitro. Percentage of total transmigrated encephalitogenic T cells across the unstimulated (−) and TNFα/IFNγ co-stimulated (+) pmCPEC layer in relation to the input sample referred as 100 %. Data represent mean ± SD of one experiment with three filters per condition. b Viability of T cells in the lower compartment of the Transwell filter system was confirmed after the incubation time of 8 h. The error bars represent mean ± SD. c Immunofluorescence staining for the TJ protein Claudin 1 (Cldn-1) and for cytokeratin (CK) confirming the intact cellular monolayer integrity after the transmigration assay. d Immunostaining of pmCPECs showing upregulation of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 upon stimulation with the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα. Scale bars in c and d = 50 μmBack to article page