Figure 1

Anatomical relationships between cerebrospinal fluid and lymphatic vessels. A – Illustration of cribriform plate and lymphatic vessels in the rat. In this example, yellow Microfil has been injected into the cisterna magna. An extensive network of lymphatics filled with yellow Microfil can be observed in the olfactory submucosa. Black arrows-cribriform plate; OB – olfactory bulb. B – Lymphatics filled with yellow Microfil (injected into the cisterna magna) in the ethmoid turbinates of the pig. C – Lymphatics filled with yellow Microfil (injected into the cisterna magna) in the ethmoid turbinates of the sheep. Blood vessels (red) can be seen interspersed between the lymphatic networks. D – Lymphatics filled with yellow Microfil (injected into the cisterna magna) converge on several lymph nodes. In this example, prenodal lymphatic vessels can be observed converging onto one of the retropharyngeal nodes in sheep. E – When Evans blue dye is injected into the spinal subarachnoid space in sheep, it enters the epidural tissues around the spinal cord. F – Lymphatic vessels filled with Evans blue dye (injected into the spinal subarachnoid space) can be observed draining to the intercostal lymph nodes in sheep.