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Fig. 7 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 7

From: Effects of bacterial and viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters in brain endothelial cells of the developing human blood–brain barrier

Fig. 7

Expression and localization of bacterial and viral sensing toll like receptors (TLRs) in early and mid-gestation trimester isolated human fetal brain endothelial cells (hfBECs). Representative immunofluorescence photomicrographs of TLR-3 (green), TLR-4 (green) and TLR-8 (red) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF; endothelial cell marker (red)) in early (A–D) and mid-gestation (E–H) hfBECs. Blue indicates DAPI staining. Inserts show rabbit IgG (E), IgG2b (F) and PBS (G, H) negative controls. Scale bars = 23 μm. TLR-3 (I), TLR-4 (J) and TLR-8 (K) mRNA levels in early and mid-gestation hfBECs. Early and mid-gestation hfBECs were cultured in the same batch to allow comparison between early and mid-gestation subjects. Data are expressed as means ± SD. N = 6/group (if N < 6, an outlier has been removed). Statistical analysis was conducted using an unpaired t-test. *p < 0.05

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