Fig. 5

Administration of CYM-5442 decreased BBB permeability after TBI. A, B, C Representative images (A) and quantitative analyses (B) of the degree of EB dye extravasation in the ipsilateral cortices of mice in each group on days 1 and 3 after TBI. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test were used for statistical analyses, n = 6/group. Administration of CYM-5442 decreased the perivascular red EB fluorescence (Em: 680 nm) leakage from vessels of the ipsilateral cortex (C). Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E Immunostaining for albumin (green) and CD31-positive endothelial capillaries (green) in brain slices (D) and quantified (E). Endothelial marker CD31 was used as a loading control and for the normalization. Scale bar = 50 μm. One-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, n = 4/group. F, G The levels of albumin in the brain tissues of mice from each group were detected by WB (F) and quantified (G) on day 3 after TBI. One-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, n = 4/group. TBI was associated with increased EB dye extravasation and albumin leakage compared to that in the Sham group. Administration of CYM-5442 significantly decreased the EB dye extravasation as well as albumin leakage dye extravasation compared to that in nontreated TBI mice. Those experimental groups in receipt of the vehicle/CYM-5442 also were subjected to TBI. All values are presented as the mean ± SD