Fig. 2

CYM-5442 treatment attenuated neurological deficits and reduced brain oedema after TBI. A battery of neurological tests were performed at days 1, 3, 5 and 7 (A) and at days 1, 3 (B, C, D) after TBI to comprehensively assess the motor, sensory, reflex, and balance functions in groups of TBI mice receiving vehicle or CYM-5442 (0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg). A, B Neurological dysfunction in each group was assessed by the neurological deficit score (NDS) (A) and hanging wire test (B). Y-scale 0–15 represents the NDS score, and higher NDS score indicates more severe neurological impairment in mice (A). A repeated-measures ANOVA, *P < 0.05, n = 10/group. B two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, n = 10/group. C, D Administration of CYM-5442 at 3 mg/kg after TBI reduced the time required to traverse a narrow beam (C) and decreased the number of slips (D), indicative of better motor function and coordination. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, n = 10/group. E, F The brain water content in each group was detected after TBI on days 1 (E) and 3 (F), and the results indicated that 1 and 3 mg/kg CYM-5442 treatment attenuated brain oedema following TBI. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, n = 10/group. G, H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to evaluate brain oedema, and the results indicated that 3 mg/kg CYM-5442 reduced brain oedema at days 1 and 3 after TBI. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, n = 6/group. Those experimental groups in receipt of the vehicle/CYM-5442 also were subjected to TBI. All values are presented as the mean ± SD