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Fig. 2 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 2

From: A novel chronic dural port platform for continuous collection of cerebrospinal fluid and intrathecal drug delivery in free-moving mice

Fig. 2

Continuous collection of high-quality CSF from naturally-behaving mice. a Quantitative assessment of CSF blood contamination using a highly sensitive spectrometer method. Hemoglobin contamination levels (absorbance at 417 nm) from blood-spiked CSF (intentionally spiked with 1%, 0.1%, or 0.01% vol/vol of blood, black), mouse CSF collected by the conventional single collection technique (blue), and cCSF at various postoperative times (red). Insets are representative images of spiked CSF and cCSF. b Direct blood count under the phase contrast microscope for sensitive detection of CSF blood contamination. (b, left) Representative images of red blood cell (RBC) contamination in the blood-spiked CSF, single collection CSF, and cCSF. The arrows indicate RBCs. (b, right) The RBC count in the CSF samples (n = 3–4). c ELISA measurement of plasma abundant protein ApoB in the single collection CSF, cCSF, and plasma. Plasma samples were diluted to 1:1,000, 1:10,000, 1:100,000; CSF samples were diluted to 1:100 for the measurements. d Normal cCSF electrolyte concentrations during long-term continuous collection. Sodium, potassium, and chloride levels measured in the single-collection CSF and cCSF at various postoperative times (n = 4–6, one-way ANOVA). e, f) Quantifications of albumin (e) and ApoE protein (f) in the single collection CSF and cCSF (n = 4–10). g Quantification of human total tau levels in the single collection CSF and cCSF. Seven-month-old tau-transgenic PS19 mice and wild-type littermates were used for the experiment (n = 3–7). h Mice’s normal locomotor activities and circadian rhythms during long-term cCSF collection. The locomotor activities were measured every 3 h before (baseline, black) and during cCSF (red) under the normal 12:12 h light-dark cycle. i Locomotor activity dark/light ratio during baseline and cCSF is shown (n = 3, Student’s t-test).  CSF cerebrospinal fluid, AOM atlanto-occipital membrane, i.d. inner diameter, cCSF CSF obtained by the continuous collection method, n.d. not detected, n.s. not significant

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