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Fig. 3 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 3

From: Sustained glymphatic transport and impaired drainage to the nasal cavity observed in multiciliated cell ciliopathies with hydrocephalus

Fig. 3

Drainage from the glymphatic system to the nasal cavity is reduced in ciliopathy. A, B In vivo and ex vivo anatomical axial MRI scans at the level of the nasal cavity from a CEP164fl/fl mouse. C Drainage to the nasal cavity—measured as voxels in the range of 1–1700 ms from the T1 maps—displayed as a color-coded mask overlaid on the corresponding anatomical MRI from a CEP164fl/fl mouse. D, E In vivo and ex vivo anatomical MRI scans from a FOXJ1-Cre;CEP164fl/fl mouse showing obliteration of the spiral lamellae and fluid filled maxillary recesses. F T1 map from the FOXJ1-Cre;CEP164fl/fl mouse showing impaired drainage to the nasal cavity. G, H In vivo and ex vivo MRI scans at the level of the nasal cavity from a p73+/+ control mouse. I Corresponding T1 map at the level of the nasal cavity from a p73+/+ control mouse showing normal drainage pattern. J, K Anatomical nasal cavity MRI scans from a ciliopathy p73−/− mouse showing abnormal anatomy and fluid filled maxillary recesses. L Corresponding T1 map from the ciliopathy p73−/− mouse showing minimal drainage to the nasal cavity. M Graph with quantification of Gd-DOTA drainage to the nasal cavity across CEP164fl/fl and FOXJ1-Cre;CEP164fl/fl mice. Data are mean ± SEM. *p-value = 0.034. N Graph with quantification of Gd-DOTA drainage to the nasal cavity between p73+/+ and p73−/− mice. Data are mean ± SEM. **p-value < 0.001

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