Fig. 1
Hydrocephalus of the communicating form is present in FOXJ1-Cre;CEP164fl/fl and p73−/− mice. A, B Representative 2D in vivo MRI brain scans from a CEP164fl/fl mice showing the fluid filled cerebral ventricles including lateral ventricles and aqueduct as areas of high signal intensity. C The color-coded T1 map of the CEP164fl/fl control mice showing no reflux of Gd-DOTA into the cerebral ventricles overlaid onto the anatomical MRI scan. D, E 2D MRI brain scans from a FOXJ1-Cre;CEP164fl/fl showing enlarged cerebral ventricles and hypoplastic olfactory bulb. F The T1 map from the FOXJ1-Cre;CEP164fl/fl mouse shows that the Gd-DOTA tracer has refluxed into the 3rd ventricle implying abnormal CSF flow. G–I Corresponding anatomical brain scans and Gd-DOTA T1 map from a p73+/+ mouse. Note that the cerebral ventricles are tiny in the p73+/+ mouse and that there is no sign of reflux of Gd-DOTA into the 3rd ventricle. J–L Corresponding anatomical and T1 maps from a ciliopathy p73−/− mouse showing enlarged cerebral ventricles, hypoplastic olfactory bulb and mild contrast tracer reflux into the 3rd ventricle. Scale bars = 1 mm. LV: Lateral ventricle; Olf: olfactory bulb; Aq: aqueduct; 3rd V: 3rd ventricle