Fig. 7

Presence of inflammatory cytokines and interleukins in the cerebrospinal fluid of hydrocephalic pigs. A Analysis of the cytokines and interleukins showing no effect of the injection in the cisterna magna in the sham control pigs before (pre-induction) and after (post-induction) the saline injection. These results discard the hypothesis that surgery or the administration of saline serum into the cisterna magna can cause any changes in the levels of these inflammatory proteins. Analysis in the hydrocephalic pigs of the levels of B interferon alpha (IFNα), C interferon gamma (IFNγ), D interleukin 1 beta (IL1β), E interleukin 4 (IL4), F interleukin 6 (IL6), G interleukin 8 (IL8), H interleukin 10, I interleukin 12 (IL12), and J tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Neuroinflammation was present since the cytokines/interleukins levels were higher after (post) the kaolin administration compared with before the induction (pre). Means with 95% confidence intervals are shown. ***p = 0.0002 t = − 4.7 F = 9.818 Student’s t-test for IL-6; **p = 0.0032 t = − 3.4053 F = 1.397 Student’s t-test for IL-8