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Fig. 2 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 2

From: The blood–brain barrier and the neurovascular unit in subarachnoid hemorrhage: molecular events and potential treatments

Fig. 2

Reaction of the components of the neurovascular unit to subarachnoid hemorrhage. All components of the NVU play vital roles in BBB plasticity and integrity. Research and clinical evidence show that NVU impairment contributes to the development of brain edema in SAH. This includes BBB breakdown, allowing blood to enter into the CNS. As shown, cell swelling, tight junctions, and basal lamina degradation allow the passage of blood components into the brain. When hemoglobin (Hb), damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP), blood platelets, and clots cross through the barrier, they elicit increased levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion protein (VCAM)-1, and inflammatory cytokines

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Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

ISSN: 2045-8118