Imaging features associated with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus have high specificity even when comparing with vascular dementia and atypical parkinsonism

Table 3 Sensitivity and specificity for presence of imaging features and some predefined cut-offs to discriminate shunt-responsive iNPH from each control group (the first four columns), and from a combination of all differential diagnoses without or with healthy controls (the last two columns)

	VaD	MSA-P	PSP	HC	VaD + MSA-P + PSP	VaD + MSA-P + PSP + HC
Callosal angle < 90°	93/69	93/85	93/61	93/100	93/70	93/79
Callosal angle < 63°	46/94	47/100	47/93	47/100	47/95	47/97
Temporal horns ≥ 4 mm	91/41	91/78	91/47	91/78	91/54	91/59
Temporal horns ≥ 6 mm	55/81	55/93	55/77	55/97	55/83	55/88
Evans’ index > 0.3	98/50	98/67	98/40	98/77	98/51	98/59
Crowded sulci	84/72	84/96	84/83	84/100	84/83	84/88
Ventricular bulgings	56/84	56/96	56/83	56/97	56/88	56/91
Focally enlarged sulci	49/94	49/89	49/100	49/100	49/94	49/96
Sylvian fissure	75/81	75/85	75/90	75/95	75/85	75/88
DESH	64/88	64/100	64/93	64/100	64/93	64/95
PVH = 2	36/34	36/96	36/70	36/95	36/64	36/74
DWMH ≥ 2	56/22	56/76	56/53	56/62	56/48	56/52
Radscale ≥ 5	100/50	100/82	100/70	100/97	100/67	100/76
Radscale ≥ 8	78/84	78/100	78/90	78/100	78/92	78/95
Simplified Radscale ≥ 4	89/81	89/96	89/90	89/100	89/89	89/92

Data are sensitivity/specificity (%)
iNPH, idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus; VaD, vascular dementia; MSA-P, multiple system atrophy parkinsonian type; PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; HC, healthy controls; DESH, disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid-space hydrocephalus; PVH, periventricular hyperintensities; DWMH, deep white matter hyperintensities

ISSN: 2045-8118