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Fig. 1 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 1

From: Increased extracellular fluid is associated with white matter fiber degeneration in CADASIL: in vivo evidence from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging

Fig. 1

Overview of the image processing pipeline for each subject. A The single-shell diffusion data (b = 0, 1000 s/mm2) were preprocessed and then were separately fitted into bi-tensor, single tensor and CSD models. The diffusion parameters including FW, FW-corrected DTI metrics (FAt, MDt, ADt, RDt) and conventional DTI metrics (FA, MD, AD, RD) were estimated. B WMHs mask was created by FLAIR image using the toolbox of LST in SPM12 and WM mask was generated from T1 image using FSL FAST. Both masks of WMHs and WM were co-registered into the individual b = 0 s/mm2 (b0) image using ANTs. Then, NAWM was made by subtracting the WMHs mask from the WM mask, and it was subsequently eroded by two voxels to avoid partial volume effects. C The mask of WMHs was split into four sub-masks with using FW quartiles. CSD  constrained spherical deconvolution, FW free water; DTI diffusion tensor imaging, FAt tissue compartment FA, MDt tissue compartment MD; ADt tissue compartment AD, RDt tissue compartment RD, FA fractional anisotropy, MD mean diffusivity, AD axial diffusivity; RD radial diffusivity, AFD apparent fiber density; WMHs white matter hyperintensities, FLAIR T2 flu-id-attenuated inversion recovery; LST = Lesion Segmentation Toolbox; SPM Statistical Parametric Mapping, WM white matter, FSL FMRIB Software Library, FAST FMRIB's Automated Segmentation Tool, ANTs Advanced Normalization Tools, NAWM normal appearing white matter

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