Skip to main content
Fig. 5 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 5

From: Comparative assessment of in vitro BBB tight junction integrity following exposure to cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor: a quantitative evaluation of the protective effects of metformin using small-molecular-weight paracellular markers

Fig. 5

Exposure to TSe and ECe alters the distribution of the TJs, and MF counteracts this effect. Immunofluorescence images show how TSe (A) and ECe (B) exposure negatively affect the membrane distribution of ZO-1, claudin-5, and occludin. Note the discontinued patterns indicated by white arrows. Noticeable is also the reduced expression of claudin-5, as previously shown by WB analyses. Metformin’s protective activity against TSe and ECe effects on TJs distribution and the downregulation of claudin-5 is also evident from the IF images

Back to article page

Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

ISSN: 2045-8118