Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 1

From: Exploring mechanisms of ventricular enlargement in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a role of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and motile cilia

Fig. 1

Flow void signs and flow vectors in normal elderly and three types of normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). The left figures (a, c, e, g) depict the flow void sign at the top of the cerebral aqueduct (red arrow head) and dorsal region of the foramen magnum (yellow arrow head) from the T2-weighted fast spin-echo sequence, and the right figures (b, d, f, h) show the flow vectors from 4D flow MRI in normal elderly (a and b) and patients diagnosed with idiopathic NPH (c and d), secondary NPH (e and f) and late-onset congenital or developmental hydrocephalus (g and h). The colour of the vector represents flow velocity; pink indicates highest velocity and blue indicates lowest velocity. C: corpus callosum, P: pons, II: lateral ventricle, III: third ventricle, IV: fourth ventricle

Back to article page

Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

ISSN: 2045-8118