Diabetes is associated with familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a case–control comparison with family members

Räsänen, Joel; Huovinen, Joel; Korhonen, Ville E.; Junkkari, Antti; Kastinen, Sami; Komulainen, Simo; Oinas, Minna; Avellan, Cecilia; Frantzen, Janek; Rinne, Jaakko; Ronkainen, Antti; Kauppinen, Mikko; Lönnrot, Kimmo; Perola, Markus; Koivisto, Anne M.; Remes, Anne M.; Soininen, Hilkka; Hiltunen, Mikko; Helisalmi, Seppo; Kurki, Mitja I.; Jääskeläinen, Juha E.; Leinonen, Ville

doi:10.1186/s12987-020-00217-0

Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Table 3 Comparison of questionnaire data between the probable fNPH patients (n = 60) vs. their ≥ 60-year-old non-iNPH relatives (n = 49), from a total of 39 different families

From: Diabetes is associated with familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a case–control comparison with family members

	Probable fNPH patients (n = 60)	Non-iNPH relatives, age ≥ 60 (n = 49)	p-value
Mean age at questionnaire (± SD)	76.9 (± 7.4)	70.0 (± 8.4)	< 0.001^a
Sex (F/M)	32/28 (53.3%)	28/21 (57.1%)	0.704^b
Mean BMI (± SD)	27.8 (± 4.4)	27.5 (± 5.3)	0.501^a
Smoking and alcohol
Smoker or ex-smoker	16/60 (26.7%)	18/49 (36.7%)	0.302^b
Consumes alcohol	19/60 (31.7%)	31/49 (63.3%)	0.001^b
Prevalence of
APOE ε4	10/45 (22.2%)	8/25 (32.0%)	0.403^b
Loss of CN in intron 2 of SFMBT1	4/44 (9.1%)	2/22 (9.1%)	1.000^b
Memory and neurological comorbidities
Diagnosed AD	10/60 (16.9%)	2/49 (4.1%)	0.061^b
Parkinsonism	2/60 (3.3%)	0/49 (0.0%)	0.501^b
Other diagnosed neurodegenerative disorder	2/59(3.4%)	1/49 (2.0%)	1.000^b
Epilepsy	5/60 (8.3%)	1/49 (2.0%)	0.220^b
Cardiovascular comorbidities
Arterial hypertension	39/60 (65.0%)	21/49 (42.9%)	0.033^b
Diabetes	19/60 (31.7%)	7/49 (14.3%)	0.043^b
Coronary artery disease	8/58 (13.8%)	2/48 (4.2%)	0.108^b
Myocardial infarction	2/58 (3.4%)	0/49 (0.0%)	0.499^b
Cardiac insufficiency	9/58 (15.5%)	1/49 (2.0%)	0.020^b
Cardiac arrhythmia	13/58 (22.4%)	8/41 (16.3%)	0.473^b
Venous thrombosis	6/59 (10.2%)	2/48 (4.2%)	0.292^b
Stroke/TIA	2/58 (3.4%)	2/49 (4.1%)	1.000^b
Other comorbidities
Rheumatoid arthritis	2/59 (3.4%)	2/47 (4.3%)	1.000^b
Spinal stenosis	11/58 (19.0%)	3/48 (6.3%)	0.082^b
Depressive symptoms	19/59 (32.2%)	4/49 (8.2%)	0.004^b
Other mental disease	4/59 (6.8%)	1/49 (2.0%)	0.374^b
Asthma	11/60 (18.3%)	9/49 (18.4%)	1.000^b
COPD	3/60 (5.0%)	1/49 (2.0%)	0.626^b
Peptic ulcer	4/60 (6.7%)	1/49 (2.0%)	0.376^b
Hypothyroidism	7/58 (12.1%)	6/49 (12.2%)	1.000^b
Chronic snoring	12/60 (20.0%)	10/49 (20.4%)	1.000^b
Sleep apnea	3/59 (5.1%)	3/48 (6.3%)	1.000^b
Mean modified CC score (± SD)	0.95 (± 1.06)	0.75 (± 1.12)	0.336^a
Performance
Is able to fill the questionnaire independently	27/59 (45.8%)	43/49 (87.8%)	< 0.001^b

Italic values indicate significance of p value (< 0.05)
The questionnaire included more data but only the more interesting findings are shown in this table
fNPH familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, SD standard deviation, F/M female/male, BMI body mass index, AD Alzheimer’s disease, TIA transient ischemic attack, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CCI Charlson comorbidity index
^aMann-Whitney U test (two-tailed)
^bFisher’s exact test (two-tailed)

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ISSN: 2045-8118

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