Table 4 Suspected cause for hardware removal
From: Characterization of a multicenter pediatric-hydrocephalus shunt biobank
| Â | Number of samples with only one suspected cause of failure (% of total samples) | Number of samples, including multiple suspected causes (% of total samples) |
|---|---|---|
Proximal catheter obstruction | 121 (41.2) | 148 (50.5) |
Valve obstruction | 10 (3.4) | 31 (10.6) |
Multiple suspected causes | 37 (12.6) | NA |
Externalization due to infection | 26 (8.9) | 29 (9.9) |
Internalization to remove EVD | 20 (6.8) | 20 (6.8) |
Distal catheter obstruction | 9 (3.1) | 15 (5.1) |
Disconnection | 7 (2.4) | 15 (5.1) |
Switching shunt configuration | 11 (3.8) | 11 (3.8) |
Removal of original reservoir | 10 (3.4) | 10 (3.4) |
Over-drainage | 6 (2.0) | 8 (2.7) |
Reservoir malfunction | 4 (1.4) | 6 (2.0) |
Truncated catheter | 4 (1.4) | 4 (1.4) |
Unknown | 4 (1.4) | 4 (1.4) |
Upgrading valve | 4 (1.4) | 4 (1.4) |
Fracture of proximal catheter | 2 (0.7) | 4 (1.4) |
No longer shunt dependent | 4 (1.4) | 4 (1.4) |
Fracture of distal catheter | 2 (0.7) | 3 (1.0) |
Externalized due to other cause | 2 (0.7) | 3 (1.0) |
Ventriculomegaly not otherwise specified | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.0) |
Wound dehiscence | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.0) |
Externalization due to pseudocyst | 2 (0.7) | 2 (0.7) |
Successful ETV | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) |
Pseudo-meningocele formed around valve | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) |