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Fig. 4 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 4

From: Measuring intracranial pressure by invasive, less invasive or non-invasive means: limitations and avenues for improvement

Fig. 4

Continuous ICP measurement from an individual with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Intracranial pressure was measured from two separate ICP sensors placed nearby in the right frontal lobe of an individual suffering from a subarachnoid hemorrhage 3 days before. The left upper window (a) presents the trend plots of mean ICP (MeanP, light green) and mean ICP wave amplitude (MeanWave AMP, darker green) measured from a Camino ICP sensor, and the lower left window the trend plots of mean ICP (MeanP, light green) and mean ICP wave amplitude (MeanWave AMP, darker green) measured from a Codman ICP sensor. Average values from the Camino ICP sensor (upper window) are Mean ICP 20.6 mmHg, Mean Wave AMP (amplitude) 4.3 mmHg, Mean wave RT (Rise time) 0.24 s, Mean Wave RT Coeff (Rise time coefficient) 20.9 mmHg/seconds. Average values of the Codman ICP sensor (lower window) are Mean ICP 14.1 mmHg, Mean Wave AMP (amplitude) 4.5 mmHg, Mean wave RT (Rise time) 0.23 s, Mean Wave RT Coeff (Rise time coefficient) 23 mmHg/seconds. In (b) the ICP waveform of the Camino (left upper window) and Codman (left lower window) ICP sensors are shown. The ICP scores are presented in the right windows. Despite close to identical ICP waveform from the Camino and Codman ICP sensors, the mean ICP differed substantially (mean ICP of Camino ICP 35.2 mmHg and mean ICP of Codman 16 mmHg). Subfigure (c) presents the ICP waveforms at a later time point. The Camino recording is shown in the left upper window and the Codman recording in the left lower window. At this time point, the mean ICP was lower in the Camino (6.0 mmHg) than Codman ICP sensors (mean ICP 13.9 mmHg); the ICP waveforms were close to identical. The pressure recording was retrieved from a pressure quality registry at Oslo university hospital (Approval 2014/4720)

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