Do patients with schizophreniform and bipolar disorders show an intrathecal, polyspecific, antiviral immune response? A pilot study

Table 1 Demographic data of the study cohort

	Schizophreniform cohort (N = 39)	Bipolar cohort (N = 39)	Other inflammatory neurological disorders (N = 48^c)	Multiple sclerosis (N = 203^c)	Statistics
Mean age ± SD (Range in years)	32.3 ± 11.3 (18–75)	44.3 ± 14.7 (19–73)	51.8 ± 18.6 (4–84)	45.73 ± 12.128 (19–78)	p₁ < 0.001 p₂ < 0.001 p₃ = 0.044 p₄ = n.s.
Gender	19M: 20F	14M: 25F	29M: 19F	68M: 135F	p₁ = n.s. p₂ = n.s. p₃ = 0.023 p₄ = n.s.
Disorder catego-rization	Schizophrenia-like: 30^a Schizoaffective-like: 9	Hypomanic/manic episode^b: 14 Depressive episode^b: 20 Mixed episode: 4 Remitted: 1	Neurosarcoidosis: 22 Autoimmune encephalitis: 19 Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: 7	Primary-progressive MS: 103 Relapsing–remitting MS: 100

MS, multiple sclerosis; SD, standard deviation; M, male; f, female; p₁, schizophreniform vs. OIND; p₂, schizophreniform vs. multiple sclerosis; p₃, bipolar vs. OIND cohort; p₄, bipolar vs. MS cohort
^aSix patients were diagnosed with organic schizophrenia-like disorders after diagnostic work-up
^bThree patients turned out to have organic bipolar disorders after diagnostic work-up
^cAccording to Hottenrott et al. [21]

ISSN: 2045-8118