Table 1 Initial parameter values used within model

Brain biomarker concentration

S100b monomer (10.7 kD)

10.0 ng/ml = 1.0 nM

[23, 25, 36, 37]

S100b dimer (21.0 kD)

10.0 ng/ml = 0.5 nM

GFAP (26.0 kD)

1.0 ng/ml = 0.038 nM

UCHL-1 (26.0 kD)

7.6 ng/ml = 0.292 nM

Blood–brain barrier

Steady-state, newborn

10% of maximal BBBD

[4, 11, 13]

Steady-state, adult

1–5% of maximal BBBD

Central nervous system

Brain volume, newborn

0.42 l

[38]

Brain volume, adult

1.42 l (male) 1.05 l (female)

[15, 16]

Blood volume, newborn

0.28 l

[39]

Blood volume, adult

6.0 l

[15, 16]

Skin

Skin volume, adult

7.8 l

[15]

S100b in light skin

0.288 ng/ml

[11]

S100b in dark skin

2.0 ng/ml

Kidneys

Glomerular filtration rate

GFR (ml/min) = ((A*((SrCr/B)) ^ 1.209) * (0.993 ^ Age)

[12]

Coefficient A (Caucasian)

141 (male) 144 (female)

Coefficient A (African American)

163 (male) 166 (female)

Coefficient B

0.9 (male) 0.7 (female)