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Fig. 14 | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS

Fig. 14

From: Fluid and ion transfer across the blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers; a comparative account of mechanisms and roles

Fig. 14

Types of transporters that load or extrude acid from brain endothelial cells. In the presence of CO2/HCO3 acid is added (i.e. HCO3 is removed) primarily by either Cl/HCO3 exchange (AE: AE2 and possibly AE3) or a Na+, HCO3 cotransporter operating in a 3:1 mode (NBC: probably NBCe1). Acid is extruded by Na+ driven transport by several Na+, HCO3 cotransporters either Cl-independent (NBC: e.g. NBCn1 (n = 1) and NBCe1 in a 2:1 mode (n = 2) or Cl-dependent (NDCBE-like). In the absence of CO2/HCO3 the principal loader is here called the “leak” and the principal extruder is a Na+/H+-exchanger (NHE). The classification into loaders and extruders follows that used in [399, 545]

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