Figure 1

MRI imaging of a chronic hydrocephalus patient before and after shunt failure. A A T2 axial image of a 32 year-old male with chronic hydrocephalus and a left occipital shunt currently functioning. B A T2 axial image following removal of the shunt showing enlargement of the ventricles. C The MR venogram with functioning shunt appears normal, the thin arrow indicates the sagittal sinus and the thick the dominant transverse sinus. D The MR venogram with the shunt removed shows the sagittal and transverse sinuses to be smaller than previously. This is most easily seen at the level of the arrows. E A T2 axial image of the sagittal sinus 2 cm above the torcular taken at the level of the thin arrows in C and D) showing the cross-sectional area of the lumen to be 43 mm². F The follow-up T2 axial image at the same level as 1e but with shunt removed shows the lumen to be 21 mm². G A sagittal reconstruction of the mid portion of the right transverse sinus (at approximately the level of the thick arrows above) taken from the MRV raw data shows the sinus to be 40 mm² in area. H The same reconstruction as 1 g following shunt removal shows the sinus area to be 20 mm².