Figure 1From: Impedance-based cell monitoring: barrier properties and beyondImpedance measurements with chopstick-like electrodes. The chopstick-like electrodes (E1,E2) are traditionally used to determine the electric resistance of cells grown on filter inserts. The ohmic resistance of the cell layer (TEER), the cell culture medium in the upper and lower compartment (RMed), the membrane of the filter inserts (Rpm) and electrode-medium interface (RE) all contribute to the total electric resistance. IAC: alternating current. Adapted from [14] with permission.Back to article page